Wednesday, August 7, 2024

What does a second chance mean?

 By Kasia Uzieblo, Ph.D.

*Disclaimer: We realize that David Prescott has written a blog about the case of Van de Velde before. However, during her summer break and unaware of David’s blog, Kasia Uzieblo wrote her own blog about the same case. Since this blog offers an additional perspective, we decided to publish this 2nd blog as well.*

What a crazy summer of sports. After the UEFA European Championship and the Tour de France, sports enthusiasts like me can now fully enjoy the Olympic Games in Paris. For many athletes, the Games are one of the—if not *the*—highlights of their sports career. This is also true for 29-year old Steven Van de Velde, a Dutch beach volleyball player who was selected to represent his country in Paris. However, his participation is overshadowed by his past, a past he carries with him daily and can never escape, as shown by British and -broader- international media coverage.

When he was 19, he was a rising star in the Netherlands; more than that, he was described as one of the greatest talents Dutch beach volleyball had ever known. During this period, he met a girl via Facebook. He stated that he was going through a turbulent time and found understanding and support from her. When he found out that she was not 16 but 12, he broke off contact for a while, but this break did not last long. One day, he booked a ticket to England, where he met her, gave her alcohol, and had sex with her multiple times, according to Steven. He also stated that he soon realized he had made a big mistake. The facts came to light when the girl went to the hospital due to physical complaints. Steven Van de Velde confessed his crimes and received a four-year prison sentence in 2016 for child rape. After serving 12 months in a British prison and one month in a Dutch prison, he was released. The conviction was also adjusted to Dutch law, and the charge of rape was changed to fornication. He tried to rebuild his life and hoped for a second chance: “I did what I did. I can't undo it, so I'll have to face the consequences. You can judge, of course. It's the biggest mistake of my life,he said in a TV interview. After his release, he gradually rebuilt his life, under professional guidance and supervision from probation. He is currently married and has a child. Experts estimate his chances of reoffending as very low, even negligible.

However, international media and various organizations, including national sports organizations and women's safety groups, do not support this second chance, nor believe in the safety measures taken (e.g., the Dutch Olympic committee (NOC*NSF) and Van de Velde decided that he would not enter the Olympic Village and that he would not engage with any press, amongst others). Many newspapers describe him as a child rapist, a convicted rapist, and a sex monster. Many are extremely concerned that he will make new victims in Paris. For example, Ju’Riese, CEO for the US Center for Safesport, said in a statement to CNN: "deeply concerned that anyone convicted of sexually assaulting a minor could participate in the 2024 Olympic Games. With teams from around the world about to convene in Paris, many of which include minor athletes, this sends a dangerous message that medals and money mean more than their safety. Participation in sport is a privilege, not a right[1]."

The story of Steven Van de Velde illustrates the complex and controversial nature of second chances for people convicted of serious crimes, often sex offenses. Despite his efforts to take responsibility and rebuild his life, he continues to face his past, which he also accepts. This raises the question of whether and to what extent someone deserves a new chance to lead a normal life and achieve professional success, for example, in sports.

For many who work with such clients, it is a familiar story. As professionals, we want to support the restorative and reintegration processes as well as possible, often encountering the limits of these processes and facing numerous dilemmas. The call for increasingly severe penalties for sex offenders remains loud. However, by focusing on punishment, we seem to be avoiding important discussions: What happens after punishment? Is there a post-sentence period possible/acceptable? How do we, as a society, but also as sports organization, scouts, schools, academic institutions, film industry, etc., deal with people who have committed a sex offense but are trying to rebuild their lives afterward? We want them to acknowledge the harm they caused and to take responsibility for their crime and reintegration process, but if they do, is that enough? Can this person hold a public position anymore and is this person allowed to achieve (professional) success? After how much time does someone deserve a second chance? And what should or could that second chance look like? And if second chances are not possible: will we then develop a uniform policy for everyone who has exhibited transgressive or criminal behavior? Or will we only focus on people who have committed a sex offense (and of whom this is known)? In sum, what does restoration and re-integration truly means for people who committed sexual offences?

We clearly struggle with these questions. I do not claim to have all the answers to these questions either. Each case is a difficult balancing exercise where, as a professional, you constantly navigate between the well-being and safety of (potential) affected persons, the (criminogenic) needs and well-being of the person who committed the offense, and society. The "easiest" way is to completely exclude the person, to cancel them, as it were. These actions can give us the—albeit false—feeling that we are in control, that we can take revenge on the person in question, that we are fighting for justice. However, we know that such cancel culture can have the opposite effect, causing enormous harm to the person in question, their family and friends, and may even hinder the recovery process of the persons with lived experience. It can even paradoxically increase the risk of recidivism.

It is not the intention of this blog here to make a plea for or against the participation of the aforementioned athlete; nor is it the intention to disregard the suffering caused by people who commit such acts. On the contrary, in formulating answers to the previous questions, it is essential to centralize the recovery process of the persons with lived experience and give them a voice in the debate. However, assuming that they all want their offenders to be punished forever is not giving them a voice, but is deciding for them what is best. From my conversations with many persons who have been affected by various and sometimes the most gruesome crimes, I have learned that their wishes and needs can vary greatly. In which way the voice of the affected person in question was heard in this particular case, I can only guess.

But there must be a debate. We know that numerous individuals cause harm, that many will remain in society, even after the behavior or offense has become known, and that, if imprisoned, most of them will return to society one day. It is therefore a utopia to believe that we can avoid such questions. We have noticed this over the past years with, for example, the recurring discussions about various people who have exhibited (sexually) transgressive behavior and/or have committed sexual offences within the entertainment industry, educational institutions, the Church, etc. Time and again, we encounter the same questions, the same dilemmas.

The space for debate and for an in-depth discussion is however seldom there, as the current case shows. For the media, it certainly seems much easier to avoid difficult discussions and to focus solely on the offenses and on click-worthy headlines, rather than addressing the more difficult questions. But I truly hope that this case will invite at least some to start or continue nuanced conversations with family, friends, colleagues, policy, journalists. Also, I truly hope that this case will (finally) encourage institutions such as -but certainly not limited to- sports organizations and educational institutions to reflect on this and to build[2] a consistent, well-founded, and thoughtful policy which also includes guidelines for dealing with the persons who have engaged in the transgressive/criminal behavior, and this - where feasible and desirable – based on evidence-based rehabilitative and restorative practices.

In any case, these are complex questions that require complex thought processes and often complex and nuanced answers, where we will keep encountering issues as long as we avoid these conversations.



[1] But see, EN-Olympic-Charter.pdf (olympics.com) in which participant in sports is being described as a human right.

[2] Or strengthen if a policy is already available. 

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